Descripción Fonética del Disfraz mediante Modulación del Tono Fundamental (Pitch): Un Estudio Piloto

Resumen

En las tipologías tradicionales, las estrategias de disfraz vocal basadas en el aumento o la disminución de la frecuencia fundamental (F₀) suelen clasificarse como modificaciones de la fuente glotal. Sin embargo, esta categorización pasa por alto el hecho de que el disfraz vocal es, en esencia, una forma de alteración de la calidad vocal. Según el modelo fonético propuesto por Laver (1980), la calidad de la voz no se limita a la vibración de las cuerdas vocales, sino que resulta de un conjunto integrado de ajustes fonatorios, articulatorios y de tensión muscular —los llamados settings— que configuran sistemáticamente el perfil vocal de un individuo tanto a corto como a largo plazo. El objetivo de este estudio es describir fonéticamente los ajustes articulatorios implicados en este tipo de disfraz vocal, dentro del marco teórico de la calidad de la voz. Para cuantificar estos settings, se adoptaron dos métricas principales: la longitud estimada del tracto vocal (LeTV) y el área del espacio vocálico.

Palabras clave

Disfarce; Qualidade de Voz; Settings articulatórios; Fonética Forense; Física da Fala
Voice Disguise; Voice Quality; Articulatory Settings; Forensic Phonetics; Physics of Speech
Disfraz de Voz; Calidad de Voz ; Ajustes Articulatorios; Fonética Forense; Física del Habla

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Autor(es)

  • Albuquerque da Silva,

    • Albuquerque da Silva

    Universidade de São Paulo

    Foneticista Forense do Instituto de Criminalística de São Paulo

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