Investigación sobre Huellas Dactilares en Brasil (2020–2024): Una Revisión Sistemática de Tendencias, Tecnologías y Colaboraciones Institucionales.

Resumen

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Este artículo presenta una revisión sistemática de la producción científica brasileña sobre identificación por impresiones dactilares en el período de 2020 a 2024. El objetivo es analizar la evolución temática, metodológica e institucional de las investigaciones desarrolladas en el país, contextualizándolas en relación con las tendencias internacionales. La búsqueda se realizó en la base Web of Science, siguiendo los criterios PRISMA, y resultó en la selección de 62 estudios con afiliación institucional brasileña. Los datos fueron analizados mediante codificación temática y visualización gráfica utilizando Python. Los resultados indican que la mayoría de las investigaciones se concentran en el desarrollo de reactivos químicos para la visualización de impresiones latentes, con énfasis en materiales fluorescentes, nanopartículas y compuestos sostenibles. Aunque están surgiendo iniciativas que involucran inteligencia artificial, espectrometría y aplicaciones en identificación post mortem, se observa una limitación en la validación operativa de los métodos propuestos. La Universidade Federal de Pelotas, la Universidade de Brasília y la Policía Federal lideran la producción científica nacional en el tema, reflejando el fortalecimiento de redes institucionales interdisciplinarias. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los estudios aún se encuentran en las etapas iniciales de la investigación forense, conforme a las directrices del IFRG. Se concluye que Brasil posee una producción científica en crecimiento y alineada con las tendencias globales, pero que aún carece de inversiones en validación estadística, estudios aplicados e integración con sistemas biométricos automatizados.

Palabras clave

Fingerprints
Papiloscopy
Forensics
Analytical chemistry
Artificial Intelligence
Huellas dactilares
Dactiloscopia
Forense
Química analítica
Inteligencia artificial
Impressões digitais
Papiloscopia
Forense
Química Analítica
Inteligência Artificial

Citas

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